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The 44th most common last name in China. They are the descendents of the 5th son of Zhou Wu Wang, Shu Du. Shu Du was awarded the duke of Cai (Shangcai of Henan), and was known as Cai Shu. Together with Guan Shu and Huo Shu, they were known as the Three Guards. When Wu Wang died, his son Cheng Wang was too young, and Zhou Gong Dan was his guardian. Seeing that the power of Zhou Gong Dan was increasing, the Three Guards got jealous and rebelled against Zhou together with Wu Geng. Zhou Gong Dan suppressed the rebellion, and Cai Shu was exiled. Zhou Cheng Wang reestablished Cai Shus son Wu as the duke of Cai kingdom. After about 600 years, Chu brought Cai to an end, and its people began to bear the last name Cai.
Hometown: North west of Dingtao in Shandong Province.
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